People prone to falls: Falls increase your risk of a hip fracture, especially if you have reduced balance, mobility, or vision.Older individuals: Hip fractures are most common in people older than 60 years of age.Some people are at a higher risk for hip fractures. There are certain characteristics that predispose some people to hip fractures, as well as certain medical conditions. The neck and trochanters are the most common sites of injury. Infection: Modern sterile surgical techniques and antibiotics have greatly reduced the risk of infection from operations however, postoperative infections still develop in 1–3% of people.įractures can occur at any of the locations of the femur, including the head, neck, and prominences (trochanters) at the other end of the bone.Clotting can be prevented by movement, wearing special stockings, and medications. These often form in your legs, which can be painful, and may be deadly if they become dislodged from the legs and travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism). Blood clots (deep venous thrombosis): Immobilization can lead to blood clots.Bedsores (pressure ulcers): If you are immobilized in bed or a chair for a long time, the skin can break down and become painful.Short-term complications of hip fracturesĬertain complications of hip fractures can develop soon after injury or surgery, including: Visible deformity: If a displaced fracture occurs, the fractured leg may appear shorter and rotate toward the side, compared to the uninjured leg.Bruising and swelling: The hip area may present with bruising and swelling.Inability to fully lift leg: This inability will occur with the knee straightened.Knee pain: Due to the organization of the body's nerves, pain may be felt more severely in the knee (referred pain), even if the injury occurred in the hip.Inability to walk or put weight on leg: Many people with hip fractures find it very difficult to walk without pain however, in minor and non-displaced injuries, walking with only mild pain is possible.Groin pain: This is the most common hip fracture symptom.However, not all of these symptoms have to be present. Vertical shear fractures of the femoral neck.Hip fractures can cause various symptoms and associated complications listed below. Vertically oriented femoral neck fractures: mechanical analysis of four fixation techniques. finding tenderness over the pubic bone may make diagnosis apparent in this age group its important to make important distinction between frx of pelvis & undisplaced or impacted frx of neck of femur single ramus fracture is commonly seen in elderly age groups, in whom falls are common when treating fractures with a large amount of posterior comminution, surgeon should place the superior & posterior screws along calcar femorale to resist posterior collapse degree of posterior comminution is most evident lateral radiograph frxs w/ posterior comminution have higher prevalence of non-union hence, the outline of the femoral neck is never tangent to the outline of the femoral head in a reduced femoral neck fracture this outline produces the image of an S or a reversed S curve normal radiographic anatomy of the femoral head and neck reveal a convex outline of femoral head joining the concave outline of femoral neck Non-displaced Frx: - if plain radiographs are negative, consider MRI for immediate interpretation or bone scan after three days Biomechanical analysis of a novel femoral neck locking plate for treatment of vertical shear Pauwel's type C femoral neck fractures. The Pauwels classification for intracapsular hip fractures: Is it reliable? Nonunion of Subcapital Femoral Neck Fractures. 2/5 Garden IV frx w/ vertical frx line had non union 6/14 Garden III frx w/ vertical frx line had non-union 2/5 Garden II frx w/ vertical frx line had non-union 11/11 Garden II frx w/ horizontal frx line had non-union modified Pauwel's method classifies frx as horizontal, transverse, or vertical, according to direction of frx on femoral head Assessment of Risk of Non-union: (using modified Pauwel's method) do not order frog leg pts suspected of having a hip frx Lateral x-ray: of affected limb on the stretcher while good limb is flexed upto obtain the proper angle AP & Lateral of Ipsilateral Femur + Internal Rotation View
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